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A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles

Kailong LIU, Kang LI, Qiao PENG, Cheng ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第1期页码 47-64 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0516-8

摘要： Batteries have been widely applied in many high-power applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles, where a suitable battery management system (BMS) is vital in ensuring safe and reliable operation of batteries. This paper aims to give a brief review on several key technologies of BMS, including battery modelling, state estimation and battery charging. First, popular battery types used in EVs are surveyed, followed by the introduction of key technologies used in BMS. Various battery models, including the electric model, thermal model and coupled electro-thermal model are reviewed. Then, battery state estimations for the state of charge, state of health and internal temperature are comprehensively surveyed. Finally, several key and traditional battery charging approaches with associated optimization methods are discussed.

关键词： battery management system battery modelling battery state estimation battery charging

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Firm Innovation Systems: Perspectives of Researches on State-owned Key Enterprises

Jin Chen,Shu-fang Huang,Qing-rui Xu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 64-70 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015017

摘要： Based on the origin of the innovation theory and the technological innovation models of Rothwell, this paper puts forward four-generations of evolutionary models using the firm innovation system: “Internal R&D-Oriented Innovation System”, “Internal and External Collaborative Innovation System”, “Highly Strategic-Oriented Innovation System” and “Ecological Innovation System”. This paper dwells on the characteristics and relationship between each innovation system, and the role in the enterprise innovation especially the State-owned Key Enterprises innovation, so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the design and improvement of the State-owned Key Enterprises innovation system.

关键词： firm innovation system state-owned key enterprises ecology evolution

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response control on top of Three-Gorges ship lift towers using magnetorheological intelligent isolation systemand its key technique

Weilian QU, Jianwei TU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 32-41 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0003-8

摘要： A vertical ship lift under earthquake excitation may suffer from a whipping effect due to the sudden change of building lateral stiffness at the top of the ship lift towers. This paper proposes a roof magnetorheological (MR) intelligent isolation system to prevent the seismic whipping effect on machinery structures. Theoretically, the dynamic models of MR damper and the mechanical model of ship lift was established, the inverse neural network controlling algorithm was proposed and the fundamental semi-active control equation for the Three-Gorges ship lift where the MR intelligent isolation system was installed was deduced. Experimentally, the experimental model of the ship lift was given, the vibrating table experiment of the MR intelligent isolation system controlling the whipping effect was carried out and the results of the inverse neural network control strategy and passive isolation strategy were compared. In practical aspect, the large-scale MR damper (500 kN) and a sliding support with limited stiffness were designed and fabricated. It was proven that the MR intelligent isolation system with proper control strategy can greatly reduce the seismic whipping effect on the top workshop of the ship lift and be simple and effective enough to be applied to real engineering structures.

关键词： Three-Gorges ship lift tower whipping effect magnetorheological (MR) intelligent isolation system neural network sliding steel supporting

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需求侧智慧能源系统关键技术分析

王成山, 王丹, 李立浧, 贾宏杰, 王伟亮

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第3期页码 132-140 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.03.019

摘要：

需求侧智慧能源系统作为能源互联网的重要组成部分，是未来能源系统的重要组织形式，对实现可再生能源分布式就地消纳，提升终端能源利用效率等具有重要意义。本文探讨了需求侧智慧能源系统的构成特点，列举了与需求侧智慧能源系统能源生产、传输、分配、转换、存储、消费等环节相关的关键设备与技术，分析了需求侧智慧能源系统的产业发展模式。最后，进一步针对需求侧智慧能源系统的发展前景，分实验示范阶段、应用推广阶段以及普遍应用、完全市场化阶段进行了阐述。

关键词：智慧能源系统关键技术发展模式发展前景

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System engineering for water pollution control at the watershed level in China

Wei MENG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 443-452 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0037-0

摘要： The present water pollution situation at watershed level in China has been systematically analyzed. The causes of water pollution are attributed to the extensive economic developmental pattern, poor wastewater treatment, and a lack of nonpoint pollution control. The problems of water pollution control at watershed level include a lack of thought and approach, developmental delay in the environmental standard system, an inadequate monitoring ability, and an inefficient implementation of laws and regulations. From 2006 to 2020, water pollution control and governance will be a national key specific project of science and technology in China. The strategies of this project include establishing a water pollution control system at watershed level, orienting a healthy aquatic ecosystem, conducting risk management, and using comprehensive methods. The goal is to establish and complete a technological system of pollution control and management in three five-year phases. The main tasks are to develop common technologies, management systems, and mechanisms for lake eutrophication control, river pollution control, urban water environmental pollution control, potable water safety, and water environmental management. The bottlenecks of water pollution control and management in China could be systematically removed, and the demonstration of the system engineering approach will be conducted at selected key watersheds.

关键词： water pollution control watershed system engineering sustainability integrated watershed management key specific project of science and technology

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舰船重点部位腐蚀监测系统研究

杨青松,雷渡民

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第5期页码 63-70

摘要：

根据舰船重点部位的腐蚀环境、特点和机理，对比分析了常用监测技术原理、方法和局限性，确定联合采用电化学噪声技术和传感器技术，研制出了集“测量、采集和存储”于一体的舰船腐蚀监测系统，其数据采集频率可高达10 Hz、电位测量范围为-4 000～4 000 mV，精度达到1 mV。

关键词：舰船；腐蚀；监测系统

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深海信息体系构想及关键技术

夏学知,陈雁飞,曹江丽

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第6期页码 102-105 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.019

摘要：

深海资源开发和科学研究涉及的深海作业任务中，信息体系是深海装备协同并发挥体系作用的关键因素。本文分析了构建深海信息体系以支撑装备协同环境的需求，探讨了信息体系的构成要素、面临问题、构建重点和关键技术，从加强顶层规划、聚焦关键技术、适时示范应用等角度给出了深海信息体系的发展建议。

关键词：深海利用信息体系体系构建智能化

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CR-Fuxing high-speed EMU series

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 742-748 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0281-1

摘要： CR-Fuxing high-speed EMU series

关键词： CR-Fuxing series high-speed EMU innovation key system digitalized collaborative design engineering management

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蒲天骄：Digital and Intelligent Key Technologies and Applications for New-Type Power System（2022年6月6日）

2022年07月07日

关键词：能源

电动汽车关键技术发展综述

王丹,续丹,曹秉刚

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第1期页码 68-72

摘要：

介绍了电动汽车关键技术发展状况，分别从电动汽车用驱动电机、动力电池及电池管理系统、电机控制及能量回收系统等方面进行了概述，并对电动汽车技术发展趋势进行了展望。在政府的支持下，随着电机、电池及电控等电动汽车关键技术逐步完善，电动汽车必将成为“零污染”的清洁交通工具。

关键词：电动汽车电机电池能源管理系统能量回收系统

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中国高速铁路牵引供电关键技术

钱清泉,高仕斌,何正友,陈奇志,吴积钦

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第4期页码 9-20

摘要：

本文结合中国高铁建设和运营的经验，从高速铁路牵引供电不同层面，系统地介绍了高铁牵引供电系统的一系列关键技术。同时，就目前牵引供电系统的发展现状，展望了新型供电技术、主动运营维护、节能与效能提升、检测监测等新技术，可为中国高铁牵引供电技术的发展与应用提供指导。

关键词：高速铁路；牵引供电系统；关键技术

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中国森林资源检测体系建设关键技术

赵修莉, 冯仲科, 周扬扬, 林奕成

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第5期页码 491-494 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.022

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智能电网系统中智能负载的关键作用

施毅,顾为东,施建中

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第3期页码 10-13

摘要：

本文根据中国国情，提出“智能负载”这一新的理念。通过物联网将智能负载和智能电网结合起来构成“非并网多能源协同智能电网系统”，该系统的核心是将中国大量的高耗能产业通过必要的技术创新，改造成能够适应风电等可再生能源和电网输出功率巨大波动的“智能负载”，为中国政府提供一条适合国情、大幅度提高电网和发电装备利用效率，并将风电等可再生能源高效、低成本全部利用的新路径。

关键词：非并网；多能源协同；智能负载；智能电网系统

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新能源汽车电机驱动系统关键技术展望

丁荣军,刘侃

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 56-60 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.018

摘要：

本文探讨了新能源汽车电机驱动系统的关键技术及发展趋势，包括驱动控制器中的功率半导体器件及封装、智能门极驱动、基于器件的系统集成设计，以及驱动电机中的扁铜线、多相永磁电机、永磁同步磁阻电机等关键技术。其中，着重介绍了当前车用电机驱动技术的发展趋势，并指出永磁同步电机在未来10 年内将依然是新能源汽车市场的主流驱动电机。同时，通过横向比较指出当前我国在驱动电机发展道路上所面临的关键问题，可以为我国未来新能源汽车技术发展提供一定参考。

关键词：新能源汽车电机驱动系统永磁同步电机

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NEW ZEALAND DAIRY FARM SYSTEMS AND KEY ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期

摘要：

• NZ dairy farming systems are based on year-round grazing of perennial pasture (ryegrass/white clover).

• Milk production per hectare has increased by about 29% with increased use of externally-sourced feeds over the last two decades.

• Externally-sourced feeds with a low protein concentration can potentially reduce N₂O emissions and N leaching per unit of production.

• Systems analysis is important for evaluating mitigations to minimize trade-offs between environmental impacts.

This paper provides an overview of the range of dairy pasture grazing systems used in New Zealand (NZ), the changes with increased inputs over time and associated key environmental effects including nitrogen (N) leaching and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. NZ dairy farming systems are based on year-round grazing and seasonal milk production on perennial ryegrass/clover pasture where cows are rotationally grazed in paddocks. There was an increase in stocking rate on NZ dairy farms from 2.62 cows ha⁻¹ in 2000/2001 to 2.84 cows ha⁻¹ in 2015/2016. During the same period annual milk solids production increased from 315 to 378 kg·yr⁻¹per cow. This performance has coincided with an increase in N fertilizer use (by ~ 30%) and a twofold increase in externally-sourced feeds. Externally-sourced feeds with a low protein concentration (e.g., maize silage) can increase the efficiency of N utilization and potentially reduce N losses per unit of production. Off-paddock facilities (such as standoff or feed pads) are often used to restrict grazing during very wet winter conditions. A systems analysis of contrasting dairy farms in Waikato (largest NZ dairying region) indicates that the increased input would result in an increase in per-cow milk production but little change in efficiency of milk production from a total land use perspective. This analysis also shows that the increased inputs caused an 11% decrease in N footprint (i.e., N emissions per unit of milk production) and a 2% increase in C footprint (i.e., greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit of milk production).jiafa.luo@agresearch.co.nz